Background

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a cornerstone treatment for coronary artery disease (CAD). Despite advances in stent technology and procedural techniques, clinical outcomes following PCI vary significantly among patients. Echocardiography remains one of the most accessible and widely used non-invasive imaging modalities for evaluating cardiac structure and function before and after PCI. Several echocardiographic parameters have emerged as important predictors of procedural success, adverse cardiovascular events, and long-term prognosis.

Objective

To review the role of echocardiographic predictors in determining clinical and procedural outcomes following PCI and to assess their prognostic significance in contemporary cardiovascular practice.

Methods

A comprehensive review of observational studies, randomized trials, registry data, and guideline recommendations was performed. Echocardiographic parameters associated with PCI outcomes were analyzed with respect to mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), heart failure, restenosis, and recurrent ischemia.

Results

Parameters including left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), global longitudinal strain (GLS), diastolic dysfunction, left atrial volume index (LAVI), right ventricular function, wall motion score index (WMSI), and valvular abnormalities demonstrated strong associations with PCI outcomes. Advanced echocardiographic techniques such as speckle-tracking echocardiography have improved risk stratification.

Conclusion

Echocardiography provides valuable prognostic information before and after PCI. Integration of conventional and advanced echocardiographic parameters enhances clinical decision-making and improves patient risk assessment.